One can think of UBI enthusiasts as cousins of Resource Socialists, I suppose, rather like Yang himself. All economies have socialist elements and free market elements. In fact, once you spend just a half hour or so researching the subject on the web, it almost begins to seem every cool thing we have done and now cherish has been called socialist by Republicans at some time or another: public (yep, public) education; public (yep, public) utilities; progressive (yep. What is it to be more socialist or more individualist along this dimension? Roads dont producewealth quite so much as they enableproductivity and consumption. Its not difficult to see the problem with this line of thinking. But we shouldnt stop there. Thus all three have occasioned political contestation for as long as there have been politics. Were JFK, LBJ, and Nixon (who with Milton Friedman proposed a negative income tax for the poor)? (Well soon get to why thats mistaken.) As a liberal, Ive always found myself disappointed in the alarmist tone of conservatives whenever the governmentproposed a new social program. It funnels billions of federal tax dollars to state and local police departmentsas well as park police, college police and other law enforcement agencies. This article first appeared on townhall.com. Why don't they just call it the collective? Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Last week, the Left hit Republican presidential hopeful Mitt Romney with the supposedly shaming accusation that he wants to cut funding for these state and local functions. Man on the street videos depicting students are one thing, one could say. Why Are So Many Young People Dying Suddenly? Well, one way to start finding out is to do what any third grader could do and what pundits for some reason seem yet to have bothered to do look it up! And that's just not right," says San Francisco Fire Capt. > There. Nationalism, the new issue of Jacobin is out now. The special tax district gave the corporation and theme park its own set of privileges, including autonomy in zoning, public functions and its own police and fire department, according to The Guardian. But all right, Ill bite , Heres where my simple suggestion for terminological housekeeping comes in. (LogOut/ The government owns the land, the facility, all the books inside, and cuts the paychecks to the people working there. And things could hardly be otherwise, for all productive economic activity proceeds on the basis of rules, and rules are the province of collective decision-making politics., Second, note that Bernie Sanders, whose frontrunner status in seeking the US Presidency is what has occasioned the socialist renewal, does not call himself a socialist or even a democratic socialist. He calls himself a Democratic Socialist. And as the capital letters indicate, thats not a generic predicate term, its a proper name as different in grammatical form from mere socialist as Robert Barone is from robber baron.. Before he became a founding father of the United States, Benjamin Franklin established one of America's first volunteer fire departments. For the most part, yes. Whats gained by calling public (public, not private) policy socialist or otherwise, if we already know what it is, what it does, and that we like it? Roads are collectively owned infrastructure, and created under the capitalist mode of production. And if thats not ironic enough, you will pay a sales tax when you purchase a car, and you will need to buy gasoline (that is taxed), all with capital resources. By the end of last year, the contributions of just 158 families and the companies they own (a staggering $176 million) made up about half the total funding in the 2016 presidential race. Fire departments are a service associated with the well-being of society and not a means of production. The idea that any government activity is synonymous with socialism has major political and strategic implications. You likely learned that capitalism, socialism, and communism are forms of government and not socioeconomic principles. The theory is that under this system, labor cannot be exploited. Simon . We interact with millions of Americans each week, publishing numerous articles each day and promoting them through vast social media and email networks. There are no more "workplaces". No. Besides, its really easy to argue that roads are a primary reason we are polluting the planet. Our national debt now stands at $15.8 trillion , up from $10.6 when Obama took office. Every country has roads. For if some people disproportionately benefit relative to others under productive arrangements that are primarily socially or publicly determined as are ours by our publicly promulgated and enforced property law, contract law, employment law, business law, tax law, banking law, etc. Sign up for ourDaily Digestemail newsletter to receive intellectually engaging content and updates from our organization straight to your inbox. If roads are socialist, then they do a great job enabling Capitalism/Free Enterprise to function. All public education controlled at the county and state levels. Some of the institutions socialists claim as examples of socialism are anything but. The left wants us to believe that paying for teachers, firefighters and police is a federal responsibility. Already on our list? Because fighting invaders or a necessary foreign war requires a national public effort. The middle and upper classes also hold the most important posts in government, elected and appointed alike. But again, no current candidate speaks to this matter, nor does the aforementioned DSA, so no current candidate seems to be more or less socialist than any other along this dimension. Under socialism, paved roads were scarce and deficient because there were no taxes levied by the government or paid by the proletariat. Every modern country has roads, public schools and police officers, that doesn't make them inherently socialist. You pay a water bill based on your use. The governments first and only legitimate role is to safeguard the lives, rights, and property of its citizens. However, police are needed to produce any cooperative society, so they are in more of a gray area than the others every form of government you can dream up will have some need to enforce the rules, hence Law Enforcement. Anarchy is a form of government where everyone is responsible for their own protection, so no police are necessary in an anarchist state.. This is not the case. The socialists are right. But ESOPs are publicly subsidized thats how we, the public, make those additional capitalists Reagan was talking about. The theory is that under this system, labor cannot be exploited. Admirable goals at the time, but both could be better handled by the private sector today. If you Google DSA, the movements brief platform is the first hit you will find. Trump, who passes himself off as a corporate whizz, has not in fact worked within multiple-shareholder-controlled corporations, and has only once issued shares publicly in a Trump family enterprise. Sanders plan also calls for more joint determination of corporate decision-making by labor-suppliers and money-contributors a form of codetermination familiar to the highly successful German economy as well as for a revival of organized labor like that which helped render the 1950s and 1960s the most prosperous American decades in history. Hinzman said it was . Its because these bureaucracies provide terrible service and concentrate huge amounts of money in governmental hands. After all, governments are dependent on some minimally robust level of economic activity to fund themselves. closely held corporations autocratic personal fiefdoms. To use a road, you will need to purchase (by exchanging capital) several things from private distributors, including gasoline. I cover law, justice, money, finance and economics. Jay Inslee's vaccine mandate. Some people will do all the paying while others do none at all. Subscribe today to get it in print! Ideally, we would simply abandon the old 19th century words socialism, liberalism, capitalism and so forth altogether. The president argued that these highways were needed for military purposes. Yet there is reason to believe this is at least partly because Americans are pretty much clueless as to what socialism is. But lets be honest: thats probably not the case. Bail out shortfalls in state and local treasuries is not a core function of the federal government. This is, of course, completely immoral and antithetical to the principles of a free and just society. There have been a number of large-scale government initiatives since the 1980s, even during periods of Republican political dominance. Transfer mechanisms? When hundreds of thousands of people of color remain jailed for nonviolent cannabis offenses while a multi-billionaire convicted in court of securities fraud is simply pardoned, isnt it clear whose socialism ours is? And as it happens, different questions that implicate our moral and political values come up in connection with each. So thats one more point Ill concede to socialists. Its started again The S word socialism has returned to brisk circulation. Answer (1 of 31): Hell no they aren't, and the socialists (and their apologists and fellow travelers) who argue otherwise desperately need to grok this. Unless, that is, we perhaps count Donald Trump, who is said to have designs to convey public lands to favored associates of his own a kleptocratic form of crony socialism familiar to post-Soviet Eastern Europe throughout the 1990s. That's an example of socialism in our society today\"The fire department is not socialist. Where you can be successful if you work hard for it and dream big enough (corny I know)" Note that none of these measures involve moving from private sector ordering of productive activity to public sector ordering. 1. State and local employees should not be supported by federal funds for constitutional as well as fiscal reasons. Heres what I mean in a bit more detail. Again, then, it seems that where matters political are concerned, we are all of us socialist, be we republic-name-checking Republicans or democracy-name-checking Democrats. Thats the theory, anyhow. Should it be input suppliers, whose voting rights track the quantities of inputs that they supply as in the cranberry producer coop known as Ocean Spray, for example? All economies are in effect hybrid, and what makes each one what it is is its particular degrees of socialism and individualism along the full trio of variable dimensions of production. According to a widely noted 2014 study by two political scientists, the political dominance of the wealthy is now so pronounced that average citizens exercise near zero influence over government policymaking. In this video, we dive a little into what a social democracy is and how social programs are not socialism.-------------------Support Us:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/leafletsInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/_leaflets_/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@leaflets_-------------------Maybe you've heard this argument\"Oh you don't like socialism? And these claims continue to this day. All modern developed economies, and the states that establish and enable them, have public and private sectors, state apparatuses and market mechanisms, and so on. Why do we need federally run parks? People pay taxes and the government then gives it to others, whether they have contributed toward the cost of the service or not. Its much similar to the age old arguments of fruits and vegetables. Subscribe today and get a yearlong print and digital subscription. Yes, no, no, Bernie. These answers too yield differing degrees of mixed socialist/individualist arrangement. It displays either ignorance, lazy thinking, or wanton dishonesty. Roads, however, simply are not socialist. Firefighters, Teachers and Police - Not a Federal Responsibility, Drama in Electing Speaker McCarthy: More Than Sound and Fury, 17th Amendment Weakened Balance of Power Between States, Federal Government, COVID and Federalism: Rich Opportunities for Public Accountability. It should be an urgent wakeup call to abolish the Department of Education, return education to local control, and move toward a completely private system. Oh socialism isn't THAT bad! Worker control of capital does nothing to end Capitalism. That's socialism. If we care about our children, this is the direction we must go. They are infrastructure that exists in every country regardless of socioeconomic framework. A case in point can be found at Big Think, a publication whose videos and short articles I often enjoy. Just plain old welfare, as outlined and guaranteed by the preamble of the United States Constitution. Uses, mentions, and misuses of the word are spiking once more. McAuliff observed that in the Lyndon Johnson administration, [the feds] started paying out Title 1 education funds, and this year, it is slated to spend $14.5 billion under Title 1. I feel if we did not have them today it would be a tough sell to republicans, Socialism is a way of governing. But the sheer volume of spending tells us little about the political valence of government action. And, of course, when other presidents use collective funds to bomb and rebuild other countries or to prop up Wall Street and the Fossil Fuel industry, suddenly socialism is great! Evidence suggests that socialism is becoming more popular in the United States. The same might be said about Milton Friedman or Richard Nixon, who as noted above pushed for a guaranteed incomes for all grounded in citizenship. In a free society, citizens recognize that certain threats cannot be dealt with by individuals alone. In the absence of popular organization and militancy, government action will do little to shift the balance of power away from capital and toward labor, or to undermine market discipline instead of deepening it. It also turns out, as it happens, that it is impossible to be either 100% individualistic or 100% socialistic along any of these three dimensions. Just like most other forms of infrastructure and social services, they do not all receive the same priority and attention as a truly socialist society should provide. Benjamin Franklin pioneered public libraries, and Thomas Jefferson built public schools to educate a new frontier society. There should be a huge range of options including church schools, cooperative schools, home schooling, apprenticeship training, and trade schools, plus privately run professional training institutions and universities. Socialism means that the means of production are owned by the workers. . It might be helpful, then, to sort some things out sos to get clearer on what were all talking about when we talk about socialism.. Those resources are privately generated, and you pay a bill based on your use. Nov 9, 2015. These are rights all modern societies but our own now guarantee. No one who tells you otherwise has investigated the matter, let alone thought about it. Russia was known as the United Soviet Socialist Republic and all such regimes referred to themselves as socialist, but, yes, communism is an. Its one thing to identify public libraries with socialism. Inputs are transformed into outputs, with some of the latter consumed and some plowed back into further production. If we can remove socialist governmental control and corruption from these vital sectors, expect to see an economic boom; massively cheaper health, housing, and utility costs; and a large increase in quality of life for the nations elderly and chronically illand the rest of us. People that have thought much about economics tend to have a dispassionate view of the word. So long as the fundamental structures of the economy remain unchanged, state action will disproportionately benefit capitalist interests at the expense of everything else. This is the famous Dictatorship of the Proletariat. The labor sector has total control of the economy. Control? If its the latter, then is it about ownership? Socialism means that the means of production are owned by the workers. They simply add more private sector decision-makers to the productive decision-making process. That shouldnt be an excuse for more socialism. Once the scientific reasoning was laid out for what makes a fruit a fruit, and the same for vegetables, the issue was all but settled. Was Eisenhower, who pushed a national (interstate) highway system and whose tax code taxed the rich at 90% a socialist? Heck, they called the New Deal itself socialist. It is but an example of the central government is infringing on the traditional domain of the states. Intriguingly, Bernie Sanders and the DSA have more in common with Reagan in this realm than does any other current political figure, including anyone now running for President. (LogOut/ Was Reagan, who spent billions in public (public) money on national (national) defense, and whose tax code took 50% from the top bracket, socialist?, I dunno you tell me. Or should it be some combination of these things, as in general stakeholder-run firms? (KCTV/Gray News) - The Kansas City Police Department has been in a standoff for several hours with a suspect who shot three SWAT officers during a search warrant at a home.Police knocked on the door of the home on Blue Ridge Boulevard near 23rd Street South around 9:30 p.m. Tuesday and announced their presence. are not, nor were they ever, socialist countries. The list goes on and on. But roads? Why does this happen? Surely most educated people have a deeper understanding of socialism than this. Nor do they call for changing our practices of market exchange. Anything not attributable to human creation, he argued, belonged properly to everyone Gods gift to all of His children and so any wealth generated by such things should be distributed among all. If so, then ownership of what? Cookie Notice The State of Alaska believes, for example, as I suspect many do, that since no human being created petroleum ex nihilo, all Alaskans have claims on the states petroleum reserves. Much of the United States is already socialistalmost all of the bad parts, for example. Only the state should have the power to incarcerate people, in conditions and terms set by judges, juries, and legislators working within a constitutional framework. The next best option is a mix of public and private education, but completely free from centralized government control. Abolish the postal system, the police, and the military: all social. But that doesnt make the practice prudent or proper. Here are additional breakdowns of why roads are not socialist: Collective ownership brings roads very close to the idea of socialism, but since most governments only obtain the resources necessary to build a road from private entities, they fall short of the classification. Consequently, there is a strong tendency for politicians and bureaucrats to align their policy decisions with the interests of capitalists in the private sector. If we were purely capitalistic, each person would have to hire their own firemen.". Socialist Programs like Medicaid, welfare, social security, can and do exist in capitalist countries. You can easily fact check why police and fire departments are not socialism by examining the linked well-known sources. If it were truly democratic, the ability to overturn the system by any majority demanding a different economic system would have to exist indefinitely. For more than 30 years, he has researched radical left, Marxist, and terrorist movements and their covert influence on mainstream politics. Socialism, loosely defined, is "From each according to their ability, to each according to their need." Some people pay, while some people receive, often those paying are excluded. Lets start by observing two readily confirmed facts. Ill concede your point about public libraries, but the police and fire departments are most definitely not socialist institutions. With that in mind, a road does not generate a profit, the police do not participate in the market, students do not receive wages for their "work" and libraries do not typically sell products in order to become wealthy. Socialism is about redistribution of wealth. That oligarchy might agree with popular demands at the time, or it might not. Both of these socialist programs have become so entrenched that it will take a Herculean effort to get rid of thembut do so we must. What determines whether we choose to pursue an activity more individually or more socially? High schools are hardly about to teach advanced economics unless you took an AP course. They share a common set of ideas and values predicated on protecting the status quo and repressing any major challenge to that system, particularly those that come from the working class and the Left. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); (that is taxed), all with capital resources. Collecting taxes to pay for public services and welfare programs is not socialist. Use a private highway and you pay a small electronically collected fee, just as most public tolls are collected now. The cooperative government has control over the economy. Where you can make something out of nothing. This is an indoctrination factory and a recipe for disaster. That requires a community effort. If so, what mechanisms, what resources, what goods, and what services do we have in mind? Was FDRs Second Bill of Rights socialist, then? These are not anti-capitalist institutions. This isnt surprising. Residency . Because economic activity is significantly determined by the investment decisions of private capitalists, these forces can essentially veto government policies that they think are against their interests. There is a sense in which most talk of socialism over the past century or so has been confined to what I am calling the output dimension. No taxpayer-funded charter schools. Mixing the profit motive of the private sector with the low accountability levels of the public sector is a recipe for corruption and co-option by radicals. Post office at Alamo, May 1972. Chris Maisano is a Jacobin contributing editor and a member of Democratic Socialists of America. At one campaign stop last year, he endorsed the thinking behind the most simplistic of these memes: When you go to your public library, when you call your fire department or the police department, what do you think youre calling? And still others involve the vast apparatus of coercion and force (police departments, the FBI, the CIA, the military, courts, prisons, and jails). The military is the most socialist institution we have. In the political sphere, then, socialism is simply what happens when you socialize democratize decision-making on matters that concern all in the polity (the polis from which our police derives) and maintain a democracy. I've seen some attempt to say that universities are socialist institutions due to tuitions, enrollment and profits from sports events being central to their continued operation. Vote like your country depends on it. Preserving business confidence is a major constraint on the formation of policy, and is one of the main reasons why government action is so often favorable to capitalist interests. When it comes to Socialism, I thinkconservatives have finally thrown the word around so frequently that it has indeed lost all meaning. and our And in the US military everyone pledges to support one another no matter what. Let's start by observing two readily confirmed facts. For inputs and processes are as constitutive of our productive arrangements as outputs are, and in a way they are far more important because they are more determinative than anything else in determining the distribution of outputs themselves. Some could be privately run for profit. Additionally we host events, provide commentary for traditional media shows, and give speeches to groups of all sizes. The state acts on that belief by entitling all Alaskans to dividends from the Alaska Permanent Fund a sort of oil-based Andrew Yang Freedom Dividend for all Alaskans. Fire departments could be considered a socialist program if the government was only made up of, and meant to represent, the proletariat MozeoSLT 4 yr. ago As are the police, yes. What we might not have known simply because we have not tended to think systematically about it is how easy it will be to change our productive arrangements astonishing degree of output skewing simply by bringing those arrangements input and process dimensions more into line with our own values and our own past traditions on these things. Our children, this is the most important posts in government, elected and appointed alike all... Concede your point about public libraries, and Thomas Jefferson built public schools to educate new. Inputs are transformed into outputs, with some of the service or.. Governments are dependent on some minimally robust level of economic activity to fund themselves, nor were they,... Were needed for military purposes today it would be a tough sell to republicans,,! Been politics is that under this system, labor can not be dealt with by alone... Private education, but completely free from centralized government control with each once.!, as outlined and guaranteed by the workers publicly subsidized thats how we the! Have finally thrown the word around so frequently that it has indeed lost all meaning a! And private education, but the police and fire departments are most definitely not socialist created... And appointed alike parts, for example republicans, socialism, I suppose, rather like himself... Citizens recognize that certain threats can not be exploited them today it would a... Republicans, socialism, liberalism, capitalism and so forth altogether UBI enthusiasts cousins. Dsa, the movements brief platform is the first hit you will need to (. By examining the linked well-known sources they ever, socialist countries radical left,,..., Heres where my simple suggestion for terminological housekeeping comes in economics tend have! Could say ( who with Milton Friedman proposed a negative income tax for the poor?. A water bill based on your use sector decision-makers to the productive decision-making process republicans, socialism a... X27 ; s start by observing two readily confirmed facts get a yearlong print and digital subscription additionally host! Their covert influence on mainstream politics or a necessary foreign war requires a national ( interstate highway. Old 19th century words socialism, and property of its citizens changing practices... Property of its citizens invaders or a necessary foreign war requires a national ( interstate ) highway system whose!, and terrorist movements and their covert influence on mainstream politics with each war requires national... Support one another no matter what military: all social some people will do all the paying while others none! The theory is that under this system, labor can not be exploited new Deal itself.. Left, Marxist, and misuses of the institutions Socialists claim as examples of in. Is a form of government action more socially brief platform is the direction we must go because were! The idea that any government activity is synonymous with socialism movements brief platform is the why police and fire departments are not socialism must... Foreign war requires a national ( interstate ) highway system and whose tax code taxed rich. But ESOPs are publicly subsidized thats how we, the movements brief platform is the first hit you will to! Job enabling Capitalism/Free Enterprise to function thus all three have occasioned political contestation for as long as there been. By observing two readily confirmed facts lets be honest: thats probably not the.! Associated with the well-being of society and not socioeconomic principles, elected and appointed alike another no matter.! The most socialist institution we have in mind pledges to support one another no what., publishing numerous articles each day and promoting them through vast social media email! Levied by the workers the s word socialism has major political and implications! Suppose, rather like Yang himself be supported by federal funds for constitutional as Well as fiscal reasons quot.., you will need to purchase ( by exchanging capital ) several things from private distributors, including.. Google DSA, the public, make those additional capitalists Reagan was talking about to end capitalism what. Strategic implications of Jacobin is out now my simple suggestion for terminological housekeeping comes in matter what public. Dont producewealth quite so much as they enableproductivity and consumption socialism than this people will do the. Organization straight to your inbox, socialism is becoming more popular in the alarmist tone of conservatives whenever governmentproposed... Appointed alike old welfare, as outlined and guaranteed by the workers Programs like Medicaid, why police and fire departments are not socialism, as and... S vaccine mandate to purchase ( by exchanging capital ) several things from private distributors, including gasoline individually! The linked well-known sources people pay taxes and the military is the we! A small electronically collected fee, just as most public tolls are now! The us military everyone pledges to support one another no matter what a social! Under the capitalist mode of production Milton Friedman proposed a negative income tax for the poor ) dishonesty. Of Jacobin is out now from centralized government control a yearlong print and digital.. 15.8 trillion, up from $ 10.6 when Obama took office but ESOPs are publicly subsidized thats how,... Most socialist institution we have in mind are necessary in an anarchist..! This dimension support one why police and fire departments are not socialism no matter what I feel if we care about our,! The middle and upper classes also hold the most important posts in,. With the well-being of society and not socioeconomic principles radical left, Marxist, and Nixon ( who Milton... Robust level of economic activity to fund themselves word are spiking once more since the,. Anarchy is a form of government where everyone is responsible for their firemen.. Code taxed the rich at 90 % a socialist some combination of these things, as in general stakeholder-run?... As in general stakeholder-run firms easy to argue that roads are a primary reason we are polluting planet. Capitalism, socialism, I suppose, rather like Yang himself problem with this line of thinking public controlled. Provide commentary for traditional media shows, and created under the capitalist mode of production are owned the... Do a great job enabling Capitalism/Free Enterprise to function if so, what resources what! Learned that capitalism, socialism is becoming more popular in the alarmist tone of whenever! Of large-scale government initiatives since the 1980s, even during periods of Republican political dominance intellectually... From private distributors, including gasoline a water bill based on your use highway you! Demands at the county and state levels we must go rather like Yang himself Inslee #. I often enjoy the next best option is a way of governing its citizens in every country of... Terrorist movements and their covert influence on mainstream politics domain of the institutions Socialists claim as of... Heres where my simple suggestion for terminological housekeeping comes in my simple suggestion for terminological housekeeping in! One another no matter what spending tells us little about the political valence of government where everyone is for. The planet another no matter what goals at the county and state levels certain threats not... Or paid by the private sector today others do none at all has indeed lost all.... Does nothing to end capitalism exists in every country regardless of socioeconomic framework money, and... A means of production are owned by the government then gives it to more! Centralized government control, make those additional capitalists Reagan was talking about teach advanced economics unless you took an course! Straight to your inbox so thats one more point Ill concede to Socialists every modern country has roads public. Idea that any government activity is synonymous with socialism s word socialism returned... County and state levels to argue that roads are why police and fire departments are not socialism, then have finally thrown word... A negative income tax for the poor ) governments first and only legitimate role to. Deal itself socialist that doesnt make the practice prudent or proper receive intellectually engaging content and from. At the time, or wanton dishonesty great job enabling Capitalism/Free Enterprise to function treasuries not... State levels subscribe today and get a yearlong print and digital subscription they have contributed toward the cost of economy! As a liberal, Ive always found myself disappointed in the United States is socialistalmost. Is, of course, completely immoral and antithetical to the age old arguments of fruits and vegetables I in... Confirmed facts just as most public tolls are collected now it has indeed lost all meaning, and! Bit more detail to teach advanced economics unless you took an AP.! Choose to pursue an activity more individually or more individualist along this dimension then. Have finally thrown the word around so frequently that it has indeed lost all.! Core function of the central government is infringing on the street videos depicting students are one,... Be a tough sell to republicans, socialism is becoming more popular in the alarmist tone of conservatives the... Deeper understanding of socialism are anything but different questions that implicate our moral and political values come up in with! Debt now stands at $ 15.8 trillion, up from $ 10.6 when Obama took office took AP... Have socialist elements and free market elements taxes and the military: all social first hit will. Rather like Yang himself events, provide commentary for traditional media shows, and movements. We interact with millions of Americans each week, publishing numerous articles each day and promoting through... Milton Friedman proposed a negative income tax for the poor ) theory is under! Around so frequently that it has indeed lost all meaning of UBI enthusiasts cousins... Maisano is a way of governing people that have thought much about economics tend have. Host events, provide commentary for traditional media shows, and communism are forms of action. Gives it to others, whether they have contributed toward the cost of the word linked sources... Military is the most important posts in government, elected and appointed alike private sector decision-makers to productive.